有时候需要检查对端服务器所使用的证书是不是符合预期, 如果是 HTTPS 服务可以通过浏览器来检查, 那如果对端服务器并不是一个 HTTPS 的服务, 那么就可以用下面的命令来检查(当然 HTTPS 也支持, 无差别 TLS):
openssl s_client -showcerts -verify_quiet -connect 6xyun.cn:443
这条命令会打印服务端口的 TLS 细节信息, 并且保持连接, 甚至可以使用这个命令模拟 HTTP 请求:
openssl s_client -showcerts -verify_quiet -connect 6xyun.cn:443
CONNECTED(00000188)
---
Certificate chain
0 s:CN = 6xyun.cn
i:C = US, O = Let's Encrypt, CN = R3
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIGITCCBQmgAwIBAgISBCN7YkMsTAgjIkxQrBK05/X1MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUA
MDIxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlVTMRYwFAYDVQQKEw1MZXQncyBFbmNyeXB0MQswCQYDVQQD
EwJSMzAeFw0yMjEwMDUwMTM2MzJaFw0yMzAxMDMwMTM2MzFaMBMxETAPBgNVBAMT
CDZ4eXVuLmNuMIICIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAg8AMIICCgKCAgEA2/Mo1783
mCo5k3Jp073EQk9dyP0eLQiZIiCDGybddn021y6p2D23anzVkRNWXHYFPY7dDY+q
S78KO8vKZnG090aHOipW7N+VbmMTBiHC0D/vkFaVmkQeSNSRcvcJwDi9gcfFH7Gm
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lBe/2Vh8jVEArebEMCbW9FtsLp9Hip5pJoeaCBX7A4pQAqQ6Q8uag37Ln/k0uEEU
7WlEeblR7BufYB0KnOC7Vh7ebDiSXnZhln1hpBLhLdFYh8DQBgcXMEULGDiyJ5q2
vlqjHXQAzR2QLYEV80inCM7PZQ7q+VlJ74VSGd2Rjt016XHOhAnK5n+z6/piMFux
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a9SEPlHb7eSnu9T+dbiPphiECotFspMDvAztKVnGYjJ9i70BmF/fyfxJi9YPmuXB
bCIx33Cu4EB+vQeg7zZowBCbSQdzK9I7+230gCf6FnLsf1X3b7Rv9CbcH6td8q8A
4nk0oSZMg+5xrHAIKudSEhxZwnNmE3Lr3pnQcoLNxMLeJU+E/ofsd2rehugCav3d
1aBHNJGQNyeqBKI5J/loyzPvh+hOR1KXNokCAwEAAaOCAk4wggJKMA4GA1UdDwEB
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BAIwADAdBgNVHQ4EFgQUFH6GCsmjl049htvHjjUoAZKPwFgwHwYDVR0jBBgwFoAU
FC6zF7dYVsuuUAlA5h+vnYsUwsYwVQYIKwYBBQUHAQEESTBHMCEGCCsGAQUFBzAB
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VR0gBEUwQzAIBgZngQwBAgEwNwYLKwYBBAGC3xMBAQEwKDAmBggrBgEFBQcCARYa
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EqRqXo47EsAgRFwqcwAAAYOmAHrEAAAEAwBGMEQCIAHDNuihysfwv+vtnpp6hJxM
K/To30K4vfIk7N7HZOwLAiB2w85lSgXas7KPnUSnAdvL6KxTxuvVAdGs/zmJ0wAD
gTANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFAAOCAQEAf0uBET5G06lREmj6CabZrr44OSnnWaGuax7S
sVENmbt4+dZwm56/WZM/mD5mp7+9KmOERxhcXxhD7YqmI1jfniwf8R+b45mdIeMA
f+tqQFR3asZzAc1TAupyxh5WEOwEo86EBnOIUvgxjzfef1AemBYLcVT4RB5XOgE8
rf+ogJjsv7nsgl+E14fQBNyjnE5nLtEwVjaWseXpHXBbHC8OrGXwb2UCAVDeDvT2
sNIAwaalr0O0TQAJbb/F+nmcwepUwIOJwvTElLw/iaFLP1OZBLsey+9mBxvKyPx/
094+td6lWXeC11x7kXodsSagb02mTRSuisO0pmI2iCztrSZlJA==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
1 s:C = US, O = Let's Encrypt, CN = R3
i:C = US, O = Internet Security Research Group, CN = ISRG Root X1
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIFFjCCAv6gAwIBAgIRAJErCErPDBinU/bWLiWnX1owDQYJKoZIhvcNAQELBQAw
TzELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxKTAnBgNVBAoTIEludGVybmV0IFNlY3VyaXR5IFJlc2Vh
cmNoIEdyb3VwMRUwEwYDVQQDEwxJU1JHIFJvb3QgWDEwHhcNMjAwOTA0MDAwMDAw
WhcNMjUwOTE1MTYwMDAwWjAyMQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEWMBQGA1UEChMNTGV0J3Mg
RW5jcnlwdDELMAkGA1UEAxMCUjMwggEiMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4IBDwAwggEK
AoIBAQC7AhUozPaglNMPEuyNVZLD+ILxmaZ6QoinXSaqtSu5xUyxr45r+XXIo9cP
R5QUVTVXjJ6oojkZ9YI8QqlObvU7wy7bjcCwXPNZOOftz2nwWgsbvsCUJCWH+jdx
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yK5GhDDX8oVfGKF5u+decIsH4YaTw7mP3GFxJSqv3+0lUFJoi5Lc5da149p90Ids
hCExroL1+7mryIkXPeFM5TgO9r0rvZaBFOvV2z0gp35Z0+L4WPlbuEjN/lxPFin+
HlUjr8gRsI3qfJOQFy/9rKIJR0Y/8Omwt/8oTWgy1mdeHmmjk7j1nYsvC9JSQ6Zv
MldlTTKB3zhThV1+XWYp6rjd5JW1zbVWEkLNxE7GJThEUG3szgBVGP7pSWTUTsqX
nLRbwHOoq7hHwg==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
2 s:C = US, O = Internet Security Research Group, CN = ISRG Root X1
i:O = Digital Signature Trust Co., CN = DST Root CA X3
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIFYDCCBEigAwIBAgIQQAF3ITfU6UK47naqPGQKtzANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADA/
MSQwIgYDVQQKExtEaWdpdGFsIFNpZ25hdHVyZSBUcnVzdCBDby4xFzAVBgNVBAMT
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AQUAA4ICDwAwggIKAoICAQCt6CRz9BQ385ueK1coHIe+3LffOJCMbjzmV6B493XC
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WCLKTVXkcGdtwlfFRjlBz4pYg1htmf5X6DYO8A4jqv2Il9DjXA6USbW1FzXSLr9O
he8Y4IWS6wY7bCkjCWDcRQJMEhg76fsO3txE+FiYruq9RUWhiF1myv4Q6W+CyBFC
Dfvp7OOGAN6dEOM4+qR9sdjoSYKEBpsr6GtPAQw4dy753ec5
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
---
Server certificate
subject=CN = 6xyun.cn
issuer=C = US, O = Let's Encrypt, CN = R3
---
No client certificate CA names sent
Peer signing digest: SHA256
Peer signature type: RSA-PSS
Server Temp Key: X25519, 253 bits
---
SSL handshake has read 5065 bytes and written 374 bytes
Verification: OK
---
New, TLSv1.3, Cipher is TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
Server public key is 4096 bit
Secure Renegotiation IS NOT supported
Compression: NONE
Expansion: NONE
No ALPN negotiated
Early data was not sent
Verify return code: 0 (ok)
---
GET / HTTP/1.1
HOST:tools.6xyun.cn
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Alt-Svc: h3=":443"; ma=2592000,h3-29=":443"; ma=2592000
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8,gbk
Date: Sat, 05 Nov 2022 11:12:17 GMT
Server: nginx/1.23.2
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
ee
<html>
<head><title>Index of /</title></head>
<body>
<h1>Index of /</h1><hr><pre><a href="../">../</a>
<a href="CyberChef/">CyberChef/</a> 11-Aug-2022 02:23 -
</pre><hr></body>
</html>
0
要查看某个证书细节, 可以使用以下命令:
openssl x509 -text
键入后粘贴证书内容即可, 或使用非交互式命令:
openssl x509 -text << EOF
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
...
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
EOF